Felix Klein
Felix Klein | |
|---|---|
| Born | 25 April 1849 Düsseldorf, Rhine Province, Prussia |
| Died | 22 June 1925 (aged 76) Göttingen, Province of Hanover, Prussia, Germany |
| Alma mater | University of Bonn |
| Known for | Erlangen program Klein bottle Beltrami–Klein model Klein's Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences Kleinian group Klein four-group Vorlesungen über die Entwicklung der Mathematik im 19. Jahrhundert Klein polyhedron |
| Awards | De Morgan Medal (1893) Copley Medal (1912) Ackermann–Teubner Memorial Award (1914) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | Universität Erlangen Technische Hochschule München Universität Leipzig Georg-August-Universität Göttingen |
Doctoral advisors | Julius Plücker and Rudolf Lipschitz |
Doctoral students | List Ludwig Bieberbach Maxime Bôcher Oskar Bolza Max Brückner Frank Nelson Cole Friedrich Dingeldey Henry B. Fine Erwin Freundlich Robert Fricke Philipp Furtwängler Axel Harnack Mellen Haskell Adolf Hurwitz Edward Kasner Ferdinand von Lindemann Alexander Ostrowski Julio Rey Pastor Hermann Rothe Friedrich Schilling Virgil Snyder Edward Van Vleck Walther von Dyck Adolf Weiler Henry Seely White Alexander Witting Grace Chisholm Young |
Other notable students | Edward Kasner |
Felix Christian Klein (/klaɪn/; German: [klaɪn]; 25 April 1849 – 22 June 1925) was a German mathematician, mathematics educator and historian of mathematics, known for his work in group theory, complex analysis, non-Euclidean geometry, and the associations between geometry and group theory. His 1872 Erlangen program classified geometries by their basic symmetry groups and was an influential synthesis of much of the mathematics of the time.
During his tenure at the University of Göttingen, Klein was able to turn it into a center for mathematical and scientific research through the establishment of new lectures, professorships, and institutes. His seminars covered most areas of mathematics then known as well as their applications. Klein also devoted considerable time to mathematical instruction and promoted mathematics education reform at all grade levels in Germany and abroad. He became the first president of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction in 1908 at the Fourth International Congress of Mathematicians in Rome.