Quiz: Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences

All 50 questions. A perfect score earns the gold medal; 80% earns silver.

1. 1. What does Hegel say the English call “philosophical instruments”?

   Textbooks of political economy The categories of logic taught at Oxford and Cambridge Instruments such as thermometers and barometers The syllogistic rules taught in the schools
2. 2. To what does Hegel compare Kant’s demand to examine the faculty of knowledge before using it?

   Scholasticus refusing to enter the water until he could swim Rejecting cherries because they are not “fruit” Making a shoe without ever having learned the shoemaker’s craft Refusing to eat a meal until one has first studied physiology
3. 3. What everyday example does Hegel give of immediate existence that is nonetheless mediated?

   His presence in Berlin, mediated by the journey there A verdict, mediated by the law the judge applies A coin, mediated by the mint that struck it A river, mediated by the rain that feeds it
4. 4. Which country, often thought to have the freest constitution, does Hegel call the most backward in civil and criminal legislation?

   The Kingdom of Prussia France The Netherlands England
5. 5. Which saying of Christ does Hegel turn against those who condemn the Christianity of others?

   “The truth shall make you free” “By their fruits ye shall know them” “Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s” “Judge not, that ye be not judged”
6. 6. What does Hegel call “a modern folly”?

   Abolishing the extraordinary punishments of the old law Giving the estates of the realm a share in legislation Codifying the civil law of a whole nation in a single code Making a revolution without having made a reformation
7. 7. How does Hegel define the Philosophy of Nature in the division of the system?

   The science of the Idea in and for itself The science of the Idea in its otherness The science of mechanical laws and experiments The science of the Idea come back to itself
8. 8. What does Hegel say about our knowledge of Kant’s Thing-in-itself?

   Nothing is easier to know, since it is mere empty abstraction It will be known once the natural sciences are complete It is known only through the moral law of practical reason It can be reached by faith and feeling, though never by the understanding
9. 9. How does Hegel, citing Homer, describe the relation of religion and philosophy?

   The same content expressed in two languages Religion is the higher form, philosophy the lower Philosophy is possible without religion, but not religion without philosophy Two contents that exclude one another
10. 10. Which form of judgment does Hegel see objectively exemplified in crime?

    The negatively-infinite judgment The apodictic judgment The simple negative judgment The hypothetical judgment
11. 11. Which example does Hegel use to show that positive and negative are “at bottom the same”?

    Hot and cold Light and darkness Profit and wages Debts and assets
12. 12. Which earlier work does Hegel call “by far the most admirable, perhaps even the sole, work of philosophical value” on the mind?

    Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding Aristotle’s books on the Soul Descartes’s Meditations
13. 13. How does Hegel correct the proposition “All men are by nature equal”?

    Men are equal by nature but not by law By nature men are only unequal All men are equal only before God Only citizens of a republic are equal
14. 14. What is Hegel’s view of passion in § 474?

    It is always evil, and duty must root it out entirely and for good It is good only when it is directed towards happiness It belongs to animal nature and has no place in a rational being Formally neither good nor bad; nothing great is done without it
15. 15. In what does the cunning of reason consist?

    In abandoning its aims whenever objects resist them In overpowering objects directly by force applied from outside In letting objects act on one another while its own aims are realised through them In hiding its true aims from the finite understanding
16. 16. Who, according to the 1827 preface, said that people treat Spinoza like a dead dog?

    Franz von Baader Lessing Moses Mendelssohn August Tholuck
17. 17. In his reading of the curse after the Fall, what does Hegel say about work?

    It results from the disunion but is also the victory over it It will disappear when humanity regains innocence It is a pure punishment with no positive meaning Animals share it with humans
18. 18. Which illustration of Kant’s does Hegel say won general acceptance for the critique of the ontological proof?

    A hundred sovereigns, real or only possible A circle made of infinitely small straight lines A piece of sugar that is hard, white and sweet Two purses of shillings of unequal weight
19. 19. Which example does Hegel give of a quantitative change that suddenly alters quality?

    Water heated or cooled into steam or ice A house enlarged by the addition of a new wing A red that is made brighter or darker by degrees A meadow surveyed and found to be three acres
20. 20. Why, according to § 410, is habit rightly called a “second nature”?

    It is inherited from parents along with temperament It is the nature of the body as opposed to the soul It is the second stage of the ages of life It is an immediate being of the soul, but one created by the soul itself
21. 21. How does Hegel characterise insanity in § 408?

    As a total and permanent loss of reason, comparable to death As possession of the soul by an evil or foreign spirit As a contradiction within a reason that still subsists As a purely bodily disease of the brain with no mental side
22. 22. Why, according to Hegel, should we rejoice that the things around us are appearances and not independent existences?

    Because appearances can be known with mathematical certainty Otherwise we should soon perish of hunger, bodily and mental Because only appearances can be owned as property Because the thing-in-itself would otherwise overwhelm us
23. 23. What conclusion does Hegel draw from the identity of inward and outward for judging people?

    Talent hidden in a boy guarantees future greatness Great men usually act from vanity and ambition, whatever they claim Only a person's inner motives reveal his true worth, not his acts A man is what he does; intentions without deeds count for nothing
24. 24. Whom does Hegel praise for gathering single legal rules into general forms?

    Frederick the Great, in the Prussian Code The English minister Peel The jurist Savigny Napoleon, in the Civil Code
25. 25. Which text does Hegel quote as the fullest expression of so-called pantheism?

    The Koran of Muhammad The Bhagavad Gita Spinoza’s Ethics, Part One The Rig Veda hymns
26. 26. With whom, according to Hegel, does the proper history of philosophy (and logic) begin?

    The Eleatics, especially Parmenides Socrates and his search for definitions Pythagoras and his school Thales and the Ionian philosophers of nature
27. 27. What does § 384 give as “the supreme definition of the Absolute”?

    The Absolute is pure Being The Absolute is Substance The Absolute is Mind (Spirit) The Absolute is the unknowable thing-in-itself
28. 28. Which feature of the German language does Hegel take as a sign of the relation between Being and Essence?

    The word for essence derives from the Latin “existere” German uses “have” to form the past tense The word for essence also means “ground” or “reason” The past participle of “sein” (gewesen) contains the word for essence
29. 29. What, according to Hegel, is the state of nature?

    A condition of natural rights partly surrendered on entering society A peaceful condition governed by a law of reason A harmless fiction with no bearing on the philosophy of right A state of violence and wrong that one ought to leave
30. 30. Which form of art does Hegel call “the art of sublimity”, where the fitting shape for the Idea is not yet found?

    Dramatic poetry Classical art Romantic art Symbolic art
31. 31. To what does Hegel compare the absolute idea?

    A seed that already contains the whole of the plant in miniature form A traveller who at last reaches a distant country An old man who repeats the child’s creed with a lifetime’s meaning A judge pronouncing a final verdict on all that came before
32. 32. How does the life-and-death struggle for recognition end in the first instance?

    Both combatants die, and recognition is lost with them The two sign a contract establishing equal rights A third party intervenes and so founds the state One prefers life, submits, and becomes the slave
33. 33. Where, according to Hegel, does Epicurus let God dwell?

    In the hearts of wise men alone In the void before the world began Beyond the sphere of the fixed stars In the interspaces of things
34. 34. Whom does Hegel cite for the claim that a hand cut off from the body is a hand in name only?

    Baruch Spinoza Immanuel Kant Aristotle Gottfried Leibniz
35. 35. Besides the solar system, what does Hegel give as an example of a system of three syllogisms?

    The Christian Trinity The state The family The human body
36. 36. What does Hegel say the German word for judgment (Urtheil) reveals?

    That a judgment is a verdict imposed on things from outside by the thinking subject That judging is a purely psychological act of the individual mind That a judgment combines two notions that exist independently That the unity of the notion is primary and the judgment is its original partition
37. 37. Why is Hegel dissatisfied with explaining Spartan manners and constitution as cause and effect of each other?

    Because the constitution of Sparta was imposed from outside Because Spartan manners were caused by the climate alone Because neither is comprehended until both are grounded in the notion of Spartan life Because reciprocity is a mere error of the understanding
38. 38. What does Hegel's example of the Sultan becoming Pope illustrate?

    That conversion between religions is impossible That political events are necessary, not contingent That any content, however absurd, can be called possible That real possibility requires divine providence
39. 39. What was the first part of the old metaphysics in its systematic form?

    Natural Theology Ontology Cosmology Rational Psychology
40. 40. How does Hegel distinguish the sign from the symbol?

    Signs belong to animals, while symbols belong only to humans A sign’s natural look has nothing to do with what it means A sign is always written, while a symbol is always spoken A symbol is arbitrary, while a sign resembles its meaning
41. 41. How, according to the story Hegel tells, did Leibniz's courtiers try to refute his maxim of variety?

    By searching the garden for two leaves exactly alike By weighing two identical coins By comparing two drops of water By cutting a magnet in two
42. 42. What double meaning does Hegel find in the German word aufheben?

    To begin and to bring to an end To raise up and to cast down To annul and to preserve To affirm and to deny in one breath
43. 43. Which argument does Hegel give as an example of a superficial analogy?

    All known planets obey one law of motion, so a new planet probably does too Caius is a man, so Caius is mortal Gold is a metal, so it conducts electricity The moon is a celestial body like the earth, so it is probably inhabited
44. 44. To what does Hegel compare an age content with the bare belief that God exists?

    Worship at the Athenian altar to the Unknown God The Egyptians’ worship of sacred animals in their temples The Roman Pantheon of all the gods The Israelites’ worship of the golden calf in the desert
45. 45. Why does Hegel say that “this person is sick” may be correct but its content untrue?

    Because only mathematical statements can be true Because sickness can never be detected by perception Because the speaker may be lying about the person Because a sick body does not accord with the notion of body
46. 46. How does Hegel answer the charge that Spinoza’s system is atheism?

    It is deism: God made the world and then withdrew from it It is acosmism: it denies the reality of the world, not of God It is dualism: God and nature are two distinct substances It is scepticism: it denies that any knowledge of God is possible
47. 47. What does Hegel give as the immediate occasion for publishing the Encyclopaedia in 1817?

    A commission from the Prussian ministry of education The need to give his hearers a guide to his lectures The completion of his Philosophy of Nature A reply to Schelling’s attacks on the Phenomenology
48. 48. What are the three sides of logical doctrine in § 79?

    Sensation, perception and understanding Abstract, dialectical and speculative Thesis, antithesis and synthesis in turn Being, essence and notion as separate parts
49. 49. Who, according to Hegel, put the question of the difference between sleep and waking to the class of ideology at Pavia?

    Goethe Napoleon Kant Frederick the Great
50. 50. What does Hegel's example of rain and wetness show about cause and effect?

    The effect always contains more than was in the cause Cause and effect can be linked only by the custom of the mind The cause must always come before the effect in time They share one content, the same water, differing only in form