Quiz: Results and Prospects

All 30 questions. A perfect score earns the gold medal; 80% earns silver.

1. 1. What is Trotsky’s verdict on the idea of a “dictatorship of the proletariat and the peasantry”?

   It is the only possible form of revolutionary government in a country where peasants are the majority It is admissible only after a European revolution has given the Russian workers outside support It is unrealisable, since the peasants can neither form their own party nor be led by a bourgeois one It should give way to a liberal coalition, since the proletariat is too weak to share in power
2. 2. Which principle does Trotsky say guided European finance in its dealings with tsarism, as formulated by Hope and Co. in 1798?

   No loans without reform of the tariff Loans only to constitutional governments with parliaments Capital must follow the national flag Interest must be paid regardless of any political circumstances
3. 3. How does Trotsky picture socialised production in its first period?

   As oases linked to private enterprise by commodity circulation As a network of village communes As workers’ co-operatives replacing the state As a single plan covering all industry and agriculture from the first day
4. 4. Whom does Trotsky credit with formulating the basic propositions linking the surplus product to the division of labour?

   Lewis Henry Morgan Pavel Milyukov Adam Smith David Ricardo
5. 5. With what slogan does the work end?

   Land and liberty! Peace, bread and land for all the people! All power to the soviets! Workers of all countries, unite!
6. 6. Which view of Milyukov’s does Trotsky call “a monstrous exaggeration”?

   That Russian towns, like those of the West, were centres of independent handicraft That absolutism in Russia was so strong that it made any revolution there impossible That in Russia the state created the estates, while in the West the estates created the state That Russia never passed through feudalism at all, its land having always belonged to the commune
7. 7. Why, according to Trotsky, have the Russian liberals abandoned the demand for a militia?

   Because the October Manifesto expressly forbade a militia Because they planned a militia of the zemstvos instead Because they feared it would provoke foreign intervention Because arming the revolution in Russia means arming the workers
8. 8. Whose theory does Trotsky see “from behind Comrade Rozhkov’s back”?

   Tugan-Baranovsky’s Kautsky’s Bernstein’s Rudolf Hilferding’s
9. 9. What does the Socialist-Revolutionaries’ “socialisation of the land” amount to, in Trotsky’s view?

   Large state farms on the former estates Return of the land to the nobility Nationalisation of the land with compensation Equal use of the land, the Black Repartition
10. 10. In Vienna in 1848, to whom did the leadership of the workers pass?

    The liberal bourgeoisie The peasants’ deputies The students A workers’ party
11. 11. What did Heine find Paris workers reading in 1840?

    Proudhon’s What Is Property?, Fourier’s treatises and Lamennais’ Words of a Believer New speeches of Robespierre, Marat’s pamphlets, and Buonarroti’s book on Babeuf Saint-Simon’s New Christianity, with the sermons of Enfantin and the Saint-Simonian Globe The Communist Manifesto, Engels’ Condition of the Working Class and Marx’s pamphlets
12. 12. According to Trotsky, what pressure forced Russia to adopt firearms, the streltsy and Western-style regiments?

    The Crimean and Nogai Tatars on the southern steppe Commercial rivalry with England and Holland Pressure from Lithuania, Poland and Sweden The Ottoman Empire on the Black Sea frontier
13. 13. Whom does Trotsky quote on the devil citing Scripture, against opponents who appeal to “Marxism”?

    Iago in Othello Hamlet Antonio in The Merchant of Venice Shylock in The Merchant of Venice
14. 14. Which demand does Trotsky use to show that a workers’ government cannot keep within the minimum programme?

    The abolition of the monarchy The separation of church and state Universal suffrage The eight-hour working day
15. 15. Roughly what share of Russia’s population was urban at the census of 1897, according to the chapter?

    About 33 per cent About 13 per cent About half About 4 per cent
16. 16. When large-scale capitalist industry began to develop in Russia, what did it chiefly find in place of urban handicraft?

    State workshops run by monasteries Strong urban craft guilds Merchant guilds of the Hanseatic type Rural cottage industry of the kustars
17. 17. Without what, says Trotsky, will the Russian working class be unable to stay in power?

    A majority in a constituent assembly Foreign loans An alliance with the liberal bourgeoisie and the zemstvo men The direct state support of the European proletariat
18. 18. What does Trotsky say cannot take the place of social analysis?

    Historical analogies Statistical tables The party programme Quotations from Marx
19. 19. Which two features of proletarian policy does Trotsky expect its allies to resist?

    Collectivism and internationalism Centralism and terror Republicanism and secularism in the schools Militarism and protectionism
20. 20. Where does Trotsky expect a Russian state bankruptcy to cause an acute political crisis?

    France Germany Belgium England
21. 21. How, according to Trotsky, must a workers’ government answer a mass lockout?

    By calling new elections By expropriating the factories and running them as public enterprises By resigning and appealing to the proletariat By acting as an impartial mediator between the employers and the workers
22. 22. In the Kautsky passage Trotsky quotes, which element of capitalism is out of all proportion in Russia?

    The peasantry The capitalist class The proletariat The banks
23. 23. What did Atlanticus calculate a socialist Germany could achieve with the technique of the mid-1890s?

    Abolish money within ten years Double or treble workers’ incomes and halve working time End unemployment without shortening hours Feed twice the population on half the land now under the plough
24. 24. How does Trotsky characterise the German and Austrian revolution of 1848?

    It was a repetition of 1789 It succeeded because of national unanimity It came both too early and too late It was the first proletarian revolution
25. 25. What, according to Trotsky, was the effect of absolutism’s great military and financial might?

    It made revolution the only way out, and a more radical one It made the liberal bourgeoisie the natural leader of the nation It ruled out any Russian revolution It allowed the government a peaceful, gradual turn to parliamentarism
26. 26. What example does Trotsky give to show that the proletariat may take power sooner in a less advanced country?

    The Chartist movement in England The Paris Commune of 1871 The German elections of 1890 The Knights of Labor in the United States
27. 27. What, for Trotsky, is the source of the proletariat’s social power?

    Only it can set the bourgeoisie’s means of production in motion It owns a growing share of co-operatives and savings banks It is well represented in parliament It is already the majority of the population
28. 28. Which French co-operative does Rozhkov cite as proof that the premises of socialism are absent?

    The Paris omnibus company The glassworks at Albi The Familistère at Guise The ironworks at Le Creusot
29. 29. Which country does Trotsky treat as the link between the revolutionary East and the revolutionary West?

    Poland Finland Romania Hungary
30. 30. How does Trotsky define socialism’s task in relation to psychology?

    To abolish egoism by the moral education of the workers while capitalism still lasts To create socialist living conditions as the premise of socialist psychology To create a socialist psychology first, as the premise of socialist conditions of life To reform human nature gradually within the old society, by example and propaganda