Quiz: Woman and Socialism

All 50 questions. A perfect score earns the gold medal; 80% earns silver.

1. 1. What does Bebel predict will happen to the great cities in the new society?

   They will be reserved for administration and the arts They will be destroyed by decree, as Bismarck wished They will grow still further, as all industry is concentrated in them People will move to the country and combine industry with agriculture
2. 2. How does Bebel explain the French “two-child system”?

   The influence of the Catholic Church over French peasant wives The heavy losses of men in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870 Small divided landholdings that cannot support a large family A government law limiting family size
3. 3. In what respect, according to Bebel, does woman have “precedence” over the workingman?

   She was the first to be paid wages for her labour She was the first to organise against oppression She was the first human being to be enslaved She was the first to recognise the laws of social evolution
4. 4. Which American ex-president does Bebel quote as predicting that the world would become one nation speaking one language?

   Theodore Roosevelt Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant Thomas Jefferson
5. 5. How does Bebel describe the union of the sexes in the new society?

   A civil contract registered and supervised by the state A union assigned by the community according to its needs A private agreement without the interference of a functionary A lifelong sacrament blessed by a reformed church
6. 6. How, according to Bebel, did Luther regard matrimony?

   As a sacrament that only the church courts could grant or dissolve As a state inferior to the celibacy of monks and nuns As a contract valid only between baptized Christians of the same confession As a worldly, extrinsic matter to be left to jurists and secular rule
7. 7. Which Athenian does Bebel credit with introducing the public brothel?

   Solon Demosthenes Cecrops Pericles
8. 8. What did the German law of December 28, 1908, provide for women factory workers?

   Equal pay with men in state-owned factories and on the railways A complete ban on factory work by married women A ten-hour day, with eight hours on Saturdays and holiday eves An eight-hour day for all factory workers of both sexes and all ages
9. 9. What event does Bebel cite as having attracted 1,500 prostitutes in 1414?

   King Ladislaus’s entry into Vienna Emperor Charles V’s entry into Antwerp The crusade preached by the pope The Council of Constance
10. 10. What did the clinical students of Halle demand in their protest of March 1902?

    The admission of women to all faculties The exclusion of women from clinical instruction The abolition of the classical-education requirement Separate medical schools for women
11. 11. What, for Bebel, is the main significance of the consumer co-operative stores?

    They will gradually replace all industrial production They protect small shopkeepers from large firms They prove that intermediate trade is superfluous They greatly raise the social status of their members
12. 12. Who asserted at the Munich congress of 1877 that “The Darwinian theory leads to Socialism”?

    Rudolf Virchow Emil du Bois-Reymond Ludwig Büchner Ernst Haeckel
13. 13. What, according to Bebel, is the state?

    A contract freely made by equal individuals A permanent necessity of any complex society The expression of the ethical idea of a people, standing above all classes The organization that arises to protect and maintain private property
14. 14. What double oppression of women does Bebel identify at the start of Part II?

    Women are oppressed by their fathers and by their sons Women are oppressed both socially (as proletarians) and as sex beings Women are oppressed by the church and by the army Women are oppressed only by the law, and not at all by economic conditions
15. 15. What does Bebel admit about his own attitude to universal manhood suffrage in 1863?

    He supported it only for property owners He wanted it introduced together with woman suffrage from the start He opposed it, though four years later it got him elected He led the campaign for it among the workers’ clubs of Saxony
16. 16. According to Bebel, what principle governs the married woman’s position under the French Code civil?

    The wife keeps full control of her dowry and earnings The wife may go to court freely but may not sign contracts The husband protects, and the wife obeys Husband and wife hold all their property in common and decide on it jointly
17. 17. Whom does Bebel quote as saying that confiscating all private property in land is “not a chimera”?

    Henry George, in the closing chapter of Progress and Poverty Rodbertus, in his fourth social letter to v. Kirchmann Louis Napoleon, in a proclamation after December 2 Adolph Wagner, in his textbook of political economy
18. 18. According to Bebel, when can a ruling class be brought to yield?

    When a monarch orders it to make concessions Never, so revolution must come by conspiracy When it is convinced by reasoned argument in parliament and the press Only when the force of circumstances compels it, not by reason
19. 19. What is the “double yoke” that, according to the introduction, women bear?

    Social dependence on men and economic dependence Housework and factory work Religious and legal disabilities Childbearing and the duty of military service in wartime
20. 20. Among which people did Morgan carry out the investigations Bebel describes?

    The Herero of South-West Africa The Balonda of the Zambesi The Dieyeri of South Australia The Iroquois of New York State
21. 21. What does Bebel say bourgeois society regards as the ultimate solution of the woman question?

    Civic equality of men and women The return of women to the home Exclusion of married women from industry The abolition of private property
22. 22. Which provision of the French Code civil does Bebel blame for child exposure and infanticide?

    The equal division of inheritances The ban on divorce The requirement of parental consent to marriage up to the age of twenty-five The ban on searching for the father, while the mother may be sought
23. 23. Since more boys than girls are born, what does Bebel name as the first cause of Germany’s surplus of women?

    The exposure and killing of male infants Losses of men in the Franco-Prussian war The emigration of more men than women The celibacy of the Catholic clergy and monks
24. 24. What does Bebel claim the sixth-century Council of Mâcon debated?

    Whether marriage was a sacrament Whether women could be baptised Whether woman had a soul Whether priests could marry
25. 25. Which argument does Bebel quote from Olympe de Gouges?

    Women should vote only on questions of education and charity The Rights of Man already include women and need no amendment Women should be allowed to bear arms in the National Guard in defence of the fatherland A woman who may mount the scaffold must also be allowed to mount the platform
26. 26. How is Orestes acquitted in Bebel’s account of Aeschylus’s Eumenides?

    The judges vote unanimously that a mother is no relative of her child The votes are even and Minerva casts the deciding vote for him Apollo forces the Eumenides to withdraw the charge Zeus pardons him before the trial begins
27. 27. Why does Bebel predict that “the next war will be the last war”?

    The working class would refuse to fight in any war International arbitration at The Hague would make further wars illegal Armies of millions would be uncontrollable and the economic ruin unbearable New weapons would make defence impossible and so deter any power from attacking
28. 28. Why, according to Bebel, do employers find married women particularly desirable as workers?

    They are better organized in trade unions, and so easier to negotiate with They are physically stronger and more experienced than unmarried girls Caring for children, they are more attentive and docile They can move freely to wherever in the country work is offered
29. 29. What do Bebel’s divorce statistics for the United States show?

    Most divorces were sought jointly by husband and wife by mutual consent Women brought over two-thirds of divorce suits Men brought nearly all divorce suits, mostly for desertion Divorce was declining as women gained independence
30. 30. What does Bebel use the brain weights of famous men such as Gauss, Mommsen and Bunsen to show?

    That brain weight increases steadily with years of study and mental work That intellect cannot be measured by brain weight or skull capacity That men of genius always have the heaviest brains That women’s brains are relatively lighter than men’s
31. 31. What does Bebel say the Reformation essentially was?

    A peasant revolt against the princes A movement of the imperial nobility to restore the empire’s unity against Rome A purely theological dispute about grace, without any social causes The rising bourgeoisie’s protest against feudal constraint in church and state
32. 32. What does Bebel’s example of the brewing industry show?

    Breweries fell sharply in number while total beer output more than doubled The number of breweries rose while the output of each brewery steadily fell Small breweries grew faster than large ones after 1890 Beer production fell because of rising excise taxes
33. 33. What does Bebel name as the decisive factor that will slow population growth under socialism?

    A vegetarian diet Emigration to the colonies The higher, freer position of woman Laws restricting marriage to the healthy
34. 34. What is Bebel’s criticism of Tolstoi’s ideal of a day divided between physical, manual and mental work?

    It overrates physical labour, which machines will abolish entirely It is impossible even for a man of independent means It is unnatural, because people should specialize in a single occupation for life It is rational, but example alone cannot make it general without a new society
35. 35. In the Dieyeri legend Bebel quotes, how did the tribe end the evils of marriage among close relatives?

    It forbade marriage altogether for a generation, on the order of the elders Members had to marry outside their own named branch It moved away to new hunting grounds far from the old camp It made the chief the husband of all the women of the tribe
36. 36. Alongside which institutions does Bebel rank prostitution as “a necessary social institution of bourgeois society”?

    The monarchy, the landed nobility, the Prussian bureaucracy and the courts The guilds, the trade unions and the workers’ co-operative societies Marriage, the elementary school, the university and the daily press The police, the standing army, the church and the capitalist class
37. 37. What did Hertzka’s calculation, as Bebel reports it, find?

    Large factories were less productive than small workshops About 1⅜ hours of daily work would supply Austria’s basic needs Austria could not feed its 22 million people without imports Austria would need every adult to work ten hours a day to feed itself
38. 38. Who led English women’s campaign against the extension of the regulation laws?

    Josephine Butler Annie Besant Florence Nightingale Millicent Fawcett
39. 39. What does Bebel say happened to venereal disease in the British army after the regulation laws were repealed?

    It rose sharply, forcing the laws to be reinstated It stayed the same, proving regulation made no difference either way It fell, from 110 per 1,000 in 1886 to 79 per 1,000 in 1892 The army stopped keeping records, so nothing is known
40. 40. According to the Engels passage Bebel quotes, what happens to the state once society takes possession of the means of production?

    It becomes superfluous and dies out It is handed over to the trade unions It is transformed into a permanent workers’ government It is abolished by decree on the first day of the revolution
41. 41. Which region does Bebel say could be turned “into an Eden of fertility” by irrigation?

    The marshes of East Frisia on the North Sea coast The sandy soil of the March near Berlin The vineyards of the Rhine Province The plains of Hungary
42. 42. How does Bebel answer Eugen Richter’s jibe about who will polish shoes in a socialist society?

    He points to shoe-polishing machines already invented He says servants will remain but be paid more and work shorter hours He says shoes will no longer need polishing He proposes that convicts do the work
43. 43. Which institution in Paris does Bebel call “a communistic institution” already at work in bourgeois society?

    The public-school meal paid for by the city The free public library The public lying-in hospital run by the city The municipal pawnshop, the Mont-de-Piété
44. 44. Whose work does Bebel cite as having foreseen the renaissance of art in a free society?

    Schiller’s “Letters on Aesthetic Education” Heine’s “Germany: A Winter’s Tale” Richard Wagner’s “Art and Revolution” Goethe’s “Wilhelm Meister”
45. 45. Which saying does Bebel use to sum up the ruling classes’ attitude to religion?

    “God is dead.” “Religion must be preserved for the people.” “Religion is a private matter.” “Throne and altar must stand or fall together.”
46. 46. What is happening to peasant land in the Austrian Alps, according to Bebel?

    It is being turned into hunting grounds It is being converted to large-scale wheat farming It is being bought by peasant co-operatives It is being divided among landless labourers by the state under new settlement laws
47. 47. What did Goethe discover about the builders of Cologne Cathedral, according to Bebel?

    They paid all their workmen alike by time, for good workmanship They paid by the piece to encourage speed They used forced labour from the villages of the archbishop’s domain They paid master builders ten times as much as common labourers
48. 48. What exception does Bebel find in the general pattern of male and female suicides?

    In Ireland women kill themselves more often than men at every age of life From fifteen to thirty, women’s suicide rate is higher than men’s Among the elderly, women’s suicide rate is twice that of men Married women kill themselves more often than unmarried women
49. 49. Why, according to Bebel, did eighteenth-century governments encourage marriage and immigration?

    Armies and courts needed heavy taxes, and so a large taxable population Malthus had persuaded them that a growing population would end poverty The churches demanded it to fill their congregations Industrial workers were organising and demanding the right to marry
50. 50. How does Bebel answer the objection that women do not perform military service?

    Childbirth kills and injures more women than war kills and wounds men Women pay a special tax in place of the military service they do not do Women already serve in the army reserves of several of the European states Military service should be abolished for everyone