Quiz: The Philosophy of Right

All 30 questions. A perfect score earns the gold medal; 80% earns silver.

1. 1. What does Hegel say about marriage and contract (§ 163, Remark)?

   Marriage transcends the standpoint of contract Marriage is a contract between the two families Marriage is a contract only when there is property to settle Marriage is a contract for the mutual use of the partners
2. 2. How does Hegel judge the division of the church into several churches?

   As a fortunate event that let the state become rational As a misfortune that weakened the authority of the state As irrelevant to the nature of the state As a fault to be undone by an established state church
3. 3. According to § 67, what distinguishes selling one’s services from slavery?

   Mental work cannot be sold at all, only manual or bodily work Services are paid for in money rather than in kind or keep The services are sold only for a limited time The worker chooses his employer freely
4. 4. What does Hegel mean by saying the owl of Minerva flies only at dusk?

   Philosophy must guide the state before it acts Philosophy understands a form of life only once it has grown old The Greeks understood the state better than the moderns Wisdom belongs to the night of feeling rather than the day of reason
5. 5. Which examples does Hegel give to show that freedom of thought belongs on the side of the state?

   The deaths of Socrates and Anaxagoras The trials of Hus at Constance and Luther at Worms The execution of Servetus in Calvin’s Geneva The burning of Bruno and Galileo’s recantation
6. 6. Why, according to the Addition to § 274, did Napoleon’s constitution for Spain fail?

   It was less rational than the constitution they already had It abolished the Spanish monarchy The Spanish saw it as foreign and were not ready for it The British army overturned it within a year
7. 7. According to Dyde, where do the Additions in the text come from?

   Dyde’s explanatory comments as translator Students’ notes of Hegel’s lectures, not supervised by him Passages from the Encyclopaedia inserted by Gans Hegel’s own marginal notes in his copy of the book
8. 8. What are Hegel’s four world-historic realms?

   Chinese, Indian, Persian and Egyptian Egyptian, Persian, Greek and Roman Greek, Roman, Byzantine and Frankish Oriental, Greek, Roman and Germanic
9. 9. In the Addition to § 126, what does “the holy Crispinus” steal, and why?

   Leather, to shoe the poor Money, to ransom Christian prisoners Bread, to feed his starving family Candles, to light the altar of a church
10. 10. How does Hegel show that Kant’s test of universalisability is empty (§ 135)?

    Any maxim at all can be stated in universal form Kant’s own examples of duty contradict one another A rule that there be no property involves no contradiction Duty cannot be known without revelation and the Church
11. 11. What does Hegel say the monarch is needed for in a fully developed constitution?

    To be elected as the people’s chief officer To draft the laws and present them to the Estates himself Only to say “Yes” and give the formal final decision To command the Estates assembly in person
12. 12. What, according to Hegel, gave modern bravery its impersonal, abstract form?

    The invention of the gun The founding of military academies The decline of chivalry under the Church The payment of soldiers in money
13. 13. What problem does Hegel see in elections by many separate individuals?

    Elections must be held too often to be practical Few vote, as one vote counts for little, so a few decide Property qualifications exclude most of the citizens Voters are bribed by the crown and its ministers
14. 14. What does Hegel say about marriage and the state in the note to § 75?

    Neither can be grounded in contract The state is a contract between the people and the prince Marriage is a contract but the state is not Both are contracts, but of a higher kind
15. 15. What does Hegel credit Rousseau with making the principle of the state?

    Divine authority A social instinct Fear of violent death Will
16. 16. According to Hegel, what remedy for poverty had experience in England and especially Scotland shown to work best?

    Building workhouses with compulsory labour for the able Leaving the poor to their fate and to public begging Sending the poor to the colonies Generous poor rates paid by every parish in the land
17. 17. Which political economists does Hegel name in the Remark to § 189?

    Mill, Senior and McCulloch Smith, Say and Ricardo Steuart, Malthus and Sismondi Quesnay, Turgot and Smith
18. 18. What paradox does Hegel draw from the problem of poverty (§ 245)?

    Charity increases the wealth of the giver Civil society is never rich enough to prevent poverty Heavy taxes on the rich make the poor richer in the end The poorest nations have the fewest paupers and beggars
19. 19. How does Hegel judge the common idea that freedom means doing what one likes?

    It is a delusion, since the human will is never truly free It is the highest form of freedom, as Kant showed in his ethics It is the freedom proper to ethical life It is caprice, a formal freedom whose content comes from outside
20. 20. What does Hegel say Cicero did, to illustrate the effect of easy Roman divorce?

    Divorced his wife to marry another for a dowry to pay debts Sold his son three times under paternal power Adopted an heir to keep the family sacra Left his whole fortune to friends instead of to his children
21. 21. What kind of equality of property does Hegel accept in Part One?

    Only that every person should have some property Equal incomes sufficient for everyone’s wants Common ownership of all goods, as in Plato Equal division of the soil among all the citizens
22. 22. Which historical example does Hegel give of “negative freedom” becoming actual in politics?

    The Roman Empire, which equalised noble and slave under one master The Twelve Tables’ law of debt The Reformation’s dissolution of the monasteries The French Revolution, which destroyed even its own institutions
23. 23. What example does Hegel give of the right of necessity (§ 127, Addition)?

    Stealing a loaf of bread to stay alive Breaking a contract to save one’s business Refusing military service on grounds of conscience Taking back property sold under duress
24. 24. Which contemporary does Hegel quote in the preface as founding the state on friendship and the life of the people “from below”?

    Kant Fichte Savigny Fries
25. 25. Whose book does Hegel say banishes thought from the theory of the state most openly?

    Fichte’s Foundations of Natural Right of 1796 Haller’s Restoration of Political Science Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France Montesquieu’s Spirit of the Laws
26. 26. Which formula does Hegel set out in the preface as the conviction on which philosophy stands?

    The state is a contract of all with all Reason must teach the state what it ought to be What is rational is real, and what is real is rational Truth ascends out of each man’s heart, feeling and enthusiasm
27. 27. Whom does Hegel credit with “the true historical view and genuine philosophic standpoint” on legislation?

    Beccaria Montesquieu Hugo Rousseau
28. 28. Into which three powers does Hegel divide the political state in § 273?

    Legislature, executive and judiciary Legislature, executive and the crown Crown, church and army Monarchy, aristocracy and democracy
29. 29. Whose philosophy does Hegel hold “chiefly responsible” for the standpoint of irony?

    Spinoza’s Fichte’s Schelling’s Kant’s
30. 30. What did a Pythagorean advise a father who asked how best to bring up his son?

    Make him a citizen of a state with good laws Raise him in the country, away from the town Send him to travel among foreign peoples Teach him music and mathematics first